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Topic: Philosophy
Number of pages / Number of words: 4 / 851
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However, there are situations in which the context has an ambiguity in how much of the original sentence the description is removed. For example, when a negation operator is involved, one must distinguish between internal and external negation. This realization becomes essential to Russell's solution of this puzzle: one must make a distinction between primary and secondary scope when dealing with the negation operator...


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This realization becomes essential to Russell's solution of this puzzle: one must make a distinction between primary and secondary scope when dealing with the negation operator. If sentence (2) is translated through primary scope, in which the description is removed from the whole sentence, the result is:

(2a') (Ex) (Kx & (Ay) (Ky a (y = x)) & ~ Bx)

If we compare this with translation (1'), we arrive at a situation in which both sentences are false, because both falsely say that the present King of France exists...


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