Genes, which are carried on chromosomes, are the basic physical and functional units of heredity. Genes are specific sequences of bases that encode instructions on how to make proteins...

Key ethical issues: ? What is normal and what is a disability or disorder, and who decides? ? Are disabilities diseases? Do they need to be cured or prevented? ? Does searching for a cure demean the lives of individuals presently affected by disabilities? ? Is somatic gene therapy (which is done in the adult cells of persons known to have the disease) more or less ethical than germline gene therapy (which is done in egg and sperm cells and prevents the trait from being passed on to further generations)? In cases of somatic gene therapy, the procedure may have to be repeated in future generations...

Is it ethical to terminate the pregnancy, if there is still a chance for the embryo to be normal? As the treatment of an early embryo will alter its inheritance, ?°whether gene therapy poses long-term genetic problems to human inheritance?±? These are questions that will have to be answered by both the medical community and the patients, and there are no clear precedents at this time...

For this reason, scientists tried to find replacement of virus as vector. The most common virus for vector is adenovirus that causes cold. ??Gene Therapy for Sickle Cell Anemia Changing shape of red blood cells causes sickle cell anemia...

the internet, and the scientific international journals. Time Scale Of Events : Starting from 01/04/2006: *01/04 _ 21/04: Literature Review. *22/04 – 14/05: Writing...